Meningitis (A, B, C, W & Y)
Meningitis is a serious infection of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord. It can cause life-threatening complications if not treated quickly.
Causes & Spread
Meningitis is caused by bacteria or viruses. It spreads through coughing and sneezing, often from people who carry the infection without symptoms.
Bacterial meningitis is rare but severe. Viral meningitis is more common and usually milder.
Symptoms
- Fever, headache, stiff neck
- Nausea or vomiting
- Sensitivity to light
- Confusion or drowsiness
- Cold hands and feet, limb pain
- Pale or blotchy skin, rash
- Seizures (fits)
Treatment
- Bacterial meningitis: urgent hospital treatment with antibiotics
- Viral meningitis: usually improves within 7–10 days with rest and fluids
Complications
Serious cases can lead to hearing loss, brain damage, epilepsy, limb loss, or death. Around 1 in 10 bacterial cases are fatal, and some survivors have lasting effects.
Prevention
Vaccination is the best protection. Follow the UK routine immunisation schedule and contact your GP if any doses are missed.
Important
If you or your child show symptoms, contact your GP or call 111 immediately.
